As filmed "Kalina Krasnaya"

• How filmed "Kalina Krasnaya"

July 25 would be fulfilled 89 years of the famous Soviet writer, director and actor Vasily Shukshin, but it is not among the living for 44 years. His latest film credits and the top creative way was the film "Kalina Krasnaya", which received several prizes Russian and international film festivals. Behind the scenes there are still many interesting details: the audience does not know that one of the characters - not an actress, and a resident of the village where the shooting took place, and directed by the consultants become real gangsters.

On the film

Filming of "Kalina Krasnaya" first began to Vasily Shukshin "a necessary measure": he wanted to make a film about Stepan Razin, but the State Cinema Committee officials have set a condition: before working on historical subjects, the director should make a movie about contemporary Soviet reality. And Shukshin chose his novel "Kalina Krasnaya" the basis for the script, which is written in 2 weeks.

On how SHukshin created this story, he told his wife, actress Lydia Fedoseyev-Shukshin, "After" Petschek-shops "Shukshin once again took to the hospital. But even there he continued to work. I guessed that he wrote some new big thing, but it would be, was not yet known. Only noticed when she came to him, that he was day by day becoming sadder and sadder. And once released, in the eyes - tears are right. And all haggard, pale, looking scared. I was scared - once thought that this disease worsened. And it turns out, it is just that, just before my arrival, finished a new novel. And when I wrote the end, he's so scared, excited to tears ... I came home. It seems not even undressed, and immediately sat down to read. I read. And, too, I could not resist - roared ... "

The difficulties began at the stage of the scenario: Shukshin even offered to replace the main character - say, a criminal can not be in the center of the plot, moreover, it receives a positive character, causing the audience sympathy. Better make it a law-abiding citizen. But the director was able to defend my character, without which the film would not have taken place.

When the director is ready to shoot, he have looked enormous amount of archival film material, and a newsreel he saw as a prisoner sings verses Esenina "Are you still alive, my old lady." This episode is so impressed him that he decided to include it in the film: "This is where the living soul yearns". And the name of "Kalina Krasnaya", according to Lydia Fedoseeva-Shukshin appeared after the husband heard for the first day of their love song with the same name in her performance.

The shooting took place in the Vologda region, in the town of Belozersk and the surrounding villages. Colonia, from which came the main character Yegor Prokudin, used to be St. Cyril Novozerskim monastery on an artificial island. Today - this is a colony of strict regime, which are serving the punishment of a life sentence. And the office of the prison were filmed in Kryukovskaya prison near Moscow.

Many scenes were filmed in the semi-abandoned village of Sadova (earlier - Merinova). Mother of the main character was supposed to play actress Vera Marecki, but at the last moment refused - did not want to play a "flawed old woman": "I myself have today is the same. I can not! I do not want". Then SHukshin decided to remove this role local woman - too striking was its resemblance to the heroine of the film. Fate Efimov Bystrova largely resembled the story of a mother Egor Prokudin, and the director asked her to tell me about his sons Lydia Fedoseeva-Shukshin. And this dialogue operator took over the camera window is installed on the street. The old woman did not even know that the shooting has come - I think that is the process of preparation.

The shooting was involved famous stuntman and stunt coordinator Nicholas Vaschilin, which has repeatedly worked with Shukshin and other famous Soviet director. He said: "In one scene, it was necessary that at Shukshina Poper bull, and Shukshin his frightened. I suggested, and this way and that. Shukshin did not like: "It's all because of some operetta. Bandits do not fight. " In the end, I called for the consultation of these bandits. Godfather arrived. They looked up and said: "When they fight, no hands are not waving. I walked quietly and do it. " Then we Shukshin laughed that gangsters in the movies attract. "

In the process of working on the film was shot as much material that the film could well turn out two-part, but Shukshin abandoned this idea, cut a lot of scenes. But also on "Mosfilm", and "State cinema" ready material we are unhappy and recommended a number of revisions that it was easier to make a film again. But when he was taken to the Brezhnev cottage for evening viewing, he approved it and ordered to give the highest category.

Cameraman Anatoly Z, who has worked with Vasiliy Shukshin filming "Stove-shop" and "Kalina Krasnaya", later published his memoirs: "As soon as" Kalina Krasnaya "was adopted in the State Committee for Cinematography, densely gone views. On the author's roof caved doctor and injuring reviews. He could feel the growing interest of the audience for the film all walks of life ... "Kalina Krasnaya" struggled on the screen without ads most clearly in the depths of Russia. In Ukraine, the Urals, Kemerovo her forbidden and any ban at us - the best advertising. Rent a movie expanded picture on TV (only ten years) because of the profit brought by film distribution. I told the employee hire Kazakhstan: in Arkalyk prisoners built cinema "October" and to have time for the anniversary, the authorities have set a condition - to show in the new hall builders twice "Kalina Krasnaya", and both parties kept their word. " Several letters received after the premiere of Shukshin and by thieves - they accused the director in unreliability, assuring him that decided to tie the former "colleagues" do not kill thieves to life.

The film became a box-office leader - it looked more than 62 million viewers - and received several awards at international film festivals. According to a survey of readers of the magazine "Soviet Screen", he became the best film of 1974, and Vasily Shukshin was named best actor. Unfortunately, "Kalina Krasnaya" is the latest work of director Vasily Shukshin. During filming he was 45 years old. And six months after the premiere it became aware of his sudden death. On his grave, people brought bunches of Viburnum.

At that SHukshin so quickly burned out, his wife saw a definite pattern: "The shooting took hard Shukshin did not play, but he lived a hero for his entire fortune. From frequent bouts of nervous overloads ulcers - the disease appeared after his service in the Navy and stress exacerbated ... load more - he is the director and writer, and actor. Yes, and what the role of the tragic! Death scene - the most extreme point. The whole group was crying when he died. It seemed really goes away! And I'm afraid that now he will stop breathing ... He works because he lived. God gave him such a talent. "