Green precious stones: emerald, demantoid, tourmaline

If someone asks you to name at least one green gem, you will surely remember the emerald or tourmaline. And no wonder, because it is the most famous gems green. However, there are still many such crystals, which are made from all sorts of shades of green decorations:. Herbaceous, olive, salad, malachite, pistachio, etc. Let's learn about the features of these popular gemstones like emerald, tourmaline and demantoid.

Of what are green stones?

Precious and semi-precious minerals in the bowels of our planet, has long been endowed human beings with magical properties. It was believed that they are able to attract positive energy and bestow certain qualities of man. Such mythology has arisen due to the unusual appearance of minerals. Their iridescent light, solidity and at the same time the fragility does not leave anyone indifferent.

If we consider the gems green color at the molecular level, they are mainly formed of beryllium - a crystal, which is a subspecies of the silicate. Their composition can also detect the following elements:

  • chromium oxide - stains crystals in a dark-green shades;
  • vanadium impurities - added bright coloring and hardness;
  • silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide - to form stable compounds minerals.

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Where are they mined?

stone deposits have been found in virtually every country. However, they are not evenly distributed. The richest deposits are located in South Africa and Asia. Most of the mined emeralds falls on Colombia, Zambia and Brazil. They can also be found in Russia, for example, in the Ural mines produced the bulk of the country's minerals.

Green precious stones: emerald, demantoid, tourmaline

are particularly abundant mines and mines observed in river or sea coasts. The reason is that precious crystals often transferred from primary deposits elsewhere. transportation tool in this context are water flows, which are able to move the different breeds (including the precious green stones) over hundreds of kilometers. When a data process, large and strong crystals retain their form, and less robust - crushed (such bulk crystals of the title) or completely abraded, becoming alkaline.

Methods of extraction of stones

Extraction of precious resources is a simple, but very time-consuming process. There are several ways of obtaining crystals depending on their species and breed, in which they are located. For example, demantoid (stone which, along with diamond, is considered the most valuable) is produced exclusively in the Middle Ural quality by collecting stones on the surface, followed by separation using light mineral water. This occurs as follows: first determining estimated experts deposits crystals, then using instruments or picks of the blade type loosen the soil surface and dragged a large piece of ground. Further conducted thorough research and the search for the precious stones on the site.

Green precious stones: emerald, demantoid, tourmaline

Often deposits are located deep underground, in such cases it is necessary to dig shafts. Construction of mines is very expensive, so make sure there are special tests that confirm the exact availability of deposits of crystals such as green stones. Precious minerals may be in clay or thicker layers of quartz sand at a depth of ten meters, and that they find the necessary instruments with high precision.

Types of stones

For thousands of years mankind has never parted with precious minerals: for they were ready to even fight - evidenced by the facts of history and the Early Middle Ages, which managed to become a legend. Jewelry with emeralds and other precious stones represents the power and the authority of men. The women wore them to show off their high position in society. Jewels were quite expensive, so they could afford only noble ladies from wealthy families.

almost nothing has changed in the modern world: the cost of jewelry made from this gem is still fabulous, but now everyone can buy them freely in jewelry stores. As they say, there is a will so much money as possible.

Green precious stones: emerald, demantoid, tourmaline

The range presented in the jewelry market is so huge that it is impossible to count the species. Here are the most exquisite accessories, which are laid in the foundation of precious stones:

  • Emerald - is considered a magical stone that can bring its owner to love and a happy family life, so it is often made of talismans and various souvenirs;
  • tourmaline - it is made absolutely everything, ranging from necklaces, necklaces, rings and ending hours, decorated with a scattering of the crystal;
  • demantoid - this is one of the rarest and most expensive gems, which once adorned the crowns of Oriental rulers and monarchs srednevokovoy Europe, now it is used for silver and gold rings.

The Legend of emeralds

One of the most common is the emerald crystals. It is also considered the most ancient and, according to papyri found in the territory of ancient Egypt. It is known that the Empress Cleopatra loved jewelry with emeralds, and she even had a copy, which were searching for crystals.

Green precious stones: emerald, demantoid, tourmaline

There is a legend that the Emerald has magical properties because the Creator Himself once gave this stone is one of his better angels - Lucifer. And he puffed up with their beauty, betrayed God and dropped the stone from the hand while fleeing from the paradise of Eden. Emerald has broken up into thousands of small fragments and scattered around the world.

Features stone

Emerald is a mineral rich green color, which is composed of beryl (silicate crystal), as well as impurities chromite, pyrite and calcite. They give it a special color and incredible strength. In estimating the cost and quality of crystal is taken into account not only its size, but also the external characteristics that just depend on the amount of chromium impurities and molybdenite. It is believed that the transparent gems green should have a limited set of colors and a certain intensity.

Emerald is known to mankind for millennia 6. During all this time gems were attributed to a variety of properties. In the world they are recognized as the magic crystals that can generously endow its owner, and talent, and health, and success. Of course, very few people take seriously such legends, but should pay attention to the following facts.

The properties of emerald

Many people who wear this stone as decorations, noticed how over time, their physical and mental state improved. They believe that the reason for this is just magical emerald that surrounds them a special atmosphere of peace and creates favorable conditions for the fulfillment of all desires. Indeed, numerous studies have confirmed the fact that the stone can soothe shattered nerves, cure insomnia, helps to restore memory. Emerald is a symbol of youth and beauty. It's incredibly beautiful green tide symbolizes the continuation of life and purity of nature.

Green precious stones: emerald, demantoid, tourmaline

The most striking crystal - tourmaline

Stone, who has more than 20 colors, from purple-red and ending with olive-green. jewelery connoisseurs call him one of the finest gems. In appearance very similar to ruby ​​tourmaline, a luxurious red tide and a unique luster. There are several varieties of crystal:

  • Chrome tourmaline - stone, the color is very similar to emerald, it differs only in that it has a lower refractive index, which leads to relatively umerennnomu luster polished surface.
  • Rubellite - stone bright red hues found as crimson, and scarlet instances, in appearance resembling precious rubies.
  • indicolite - a very rare and therefore valuable kind of crystal, it is produced in South America, it has a deep blue hues that are so intense that in low light stones seem to be completely black.
  • Ahroit - a stone, devoid of color, transparency is achieved due to the absence of impurities in its composition of chromite. Crystals ahroita valued as highly as the diamonds, because they are extracted exclusively on the Italian island of Elba.
  • Peridot - a gem that literally transforms after dark. Even the ancient Romans discovered that the crystal changes its light greenish daylight color to a rich emerald shades of night.

The Amazing transparent crystal

This is perhaps the only kind of precious stones, which has the ability to exercise their green shades only by the light. The rest of the time they seem transparent. Demantoid - stone, which in the West is often called the "Ural chrysolite" or "Siberian emerald." It belongs to the rare species of crystals, its deposits were found only in Russia and some other African countries (Tanzania, Namibia and Kenya).

Green precious stones: emerald, demantoid, tourmaline

demantoid Composition and properties of

In appearance, this mineral is very similar to a diamond. Perhaps precisely because of this likeness, he became the darling of the Russian tsars. Jewelery with stone were also representatives of the court aristocracy to show their high position in society.

Stone has a strong refraction, which results in a beautiful play of light and incredible shine. The crystal contains impurities consisting of chromium, iron and titanium compounds, even, - they give the stone a beautiful yellowish tint. People endow this mineral magical properties: it is believed that he is able to bring the woman to love and a strong marriage and a man - success and wealth.

Tsavorite - that's what a gem is green, it belongs to the family of the garnets, but the chemical formula can be attributed to demantoid. However, the difference is that the first stones are usually yellowish shades and tsavorite, thanks Disseminated gold crystals bissolita, has a bright green color.

jewelery with precious stones: how to cut

Almost all of the crystals are jewelry processing before use for jewelry. Emerald, tourmaline and demantoid respond well to cutting, after which take the form of a magnificent brilliant. Let's look at ways to cut stones, the most commonly used international masters.

Green precious stones: emerald, demantoid, tourmaline
  1. Cabochon - this type of cut stones attached to a round convex shape. It is used for almost all jewelry (rings, earrings, necklaces and bracelets).
  2. The circle or oval - is a universal way, because for all. Jewelers typically limit green stones (precious and semiprecious) in 57 facets, small crystals obrabatyvayuyutsya 33 or 17 faces.
  3. The Octagon - octagon method in which the stone give a certain gradation. Mainly used to cut emeralds, as it protects the stone from chipping and potential damage.
  4. The Marquis - this method is named after the mistress of the French King Louis. Stones, thus treated, have an oval, oblong shape with pointed tips. More suitable for the decoration of the Rings, it is best combined with a gold rim.

If you can deny all the prejudices about the magical powers of stones, you can not argue with the fact that jewelery with precious crystals are a kind of amplifier of female attractiveness.