How to handle aircraft from icing

• How to handle aircraft from icing

Almost every one of you ever flown on an airplane, and in the winter many may have noticed as wings (actually the wing) before flying the aircraft watered with a special machine which is liquid.

You should start with the most simple, as the plane flies at all. The aerodynamic profile of the wing has a special shape:

This is the simplest and clearest picture from google, due to the pressure difference between the top and bottom and lifting force is created that pushes the plane upwards. But what happens in the winter when there are some planes for weeks on the platform, but enough snow and 10 minutes to the ice formed on the wing?

The ice, the frozen on the wing changes the aerodynamic shape of the wing, causing the lifting force is reduced, which can lead to disaster. That's what happened with the ATR-72 in Tyumen Airlines UTair April 2, 2012.

To avoid this and held icing on the ground, I want to note that it only protects the land.

There are 4 types of anti-icing fluid: Type I, Type II, Type III and Type IV

The basic liquid used is Type I and Type IV

These fluids are rasters glycol (monoethylene glycol, diethylene glycol or propylene glycol) and have an extremely low freezing point. In simple words - alcohol-containing liquid thickeners.

The first type is used only to remove snow and ice from the surface, it is diluted in various proportions with water and heated. The Tolmachevo (Novosibirsk) airports it is used in a ratio of 60/40. It has very little protection duration. It can be applied in the case where the plane was long, the snow on the wing there, but there is no rain and only enough to remove all this obscenity from the wing.

The fourth type is already used to protect and can not be used without pre-processing the first type. Already not interfere with water and sprayed at a concentration of 100%. With proper processing of the wing rests evenly and creates a protective film which protects against the formation of ice on the wing during from 15 minutes to 1 hour 30 minutes depending on the ambient temperature and the nature of rainfall. A table will not, so as not to burden you are not much of the necessary information.

Again, protects the whole procedure only on the ground icing, since at speeds of about 220 km / h under air flow, this, let us call it a film just coming from the wing surface, leaving a clean wing, and flies the aircraft without the it.